GB-InSAR与PS-InSAR融合技术在滑坡应急监测预警中的应用研究

    Research on the Application of GB-InSAR and PS-InSAR Fusion Technology in Landslide Emergency Monitoring and Early Warning

    • 山体滑坡灾害是全球最具威胁性的地质灾害类型之一,传统滑坡监测技术往往受安置监测传感器安全隐患大、形变监测时空分辨率低等因素制约,致使其很难在突发山体滑坡应急监测中发挥作用。文章旨在探索一种高精度、高可靠性的滑坡动态形变监测技术,在保证救援人员生命安全的前提下,实时为救援指挥工作提供科学、准确的形变监测成果和预警信息,保障救援工作顺利开展。文章提出了基于地基合成孔径雷达干涉测量与永久性散射体干涉测量的融合技术,通过选取裸露岩石等具有强散射特性的自然永久性散射体构建形变监测网络,克服了植被覆盖区的信号衰减问题。创新性地引入稳定的环境参考点与实时温度监测数据,建立了一种形变信号分离机制,以识别和量化温度对形变监测的影响。在陕西省山阳县特大滑坡应急监测中,应用该技术成功在植被覆盖区建立了有效的永久性散射体监测网络,实现了对高危山体的亚毫米级精度实时监测,同时揭示了监测点形变量与温度变化的高度相关性。文章验证了地基合成孔径雷达干涉测量与永久性散射体合成孔径雷达干涉测量融合技术在复杂场景下形变监测预警的先进性和可靠性。该技术突破了植被覆盖监测区低相干性的技术难题,实现了滑坡体的动态高精度形变监测预警,其提出的环境干扰分离机制有效保证了地质灾害监测预警的科学性,具有重要的推广应用价值。

       

      Abstract: Landslides are among the most threatening geological hazards globally. Traditional monitoring techniques are often constrained by safety risks associated with sensor installation and low spatiotemporal resolution of deformation data, rendering them ineffective for emergency monitoring of sudden landslides. This study aims to develop a high-precision, reliable dynamic deformation monitoring technology that can provide real-time, scientific, accurate monitoring results and early warnings, thereby ensuring the safety of rescue personnel and facilitating smooth rescue operations. We propose a fusion technology integrating Ground-Based Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (GB-InSAR) and Persistent Scatterer Interferometry (PS-InSAR). By selecting natural Persistent Scatterers (PS) with strong scattering characteristics, such as exposed rocks, a deformation monitoring network is constructed to overcome signal attenuation in vegetated areas. Innovatively, stable environmental reference points combined with real-time temperature monitoring data are introduced to establish a deformation signal separation mechanism, enabling the identification and quantification of temperature-induced influences on deformation measurements. Applied to the emergency monitoring of the massive landslide in Shanyang County, Shaanxi Province, this technology successfully establishes an effective PS monitoring network in vegetated areas, achieving real-time monitoring with sub-millimeter precision on high-risk slopes. It clearly reveals a high correlation between deformation measurements and temperature variations. Based on this mechanism, two instances of anomalous regional deformation are accurately identified and high-risk warnings are issued promptly during periods of relatively stable temperature, ensuring the safety of rescue personnel. This study validates the advancement and reliability of the GB-InSAR and PS-InSAR fusion technology for deformation monitoring and early warning in complex scenarios. The technology overcomes the technical challenge of low coherence in vegetated monitoring zones, enabling dynamic, high-precision deformation monitoring and early warning for landslides. Furthermore, the proposed environmental interference separation mechanism effectively guarantees the scientific rigor of geological hazard monitoring, demonstrating significant value for wider application.

       

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